Particle Size Distribution, Grindability, and Comminution Energy Analysis of Yalo Sphalerite In Alkaleri, Bauchi State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51459/jostir.2026.2.2.0326Abstract
Efficient comminution and particle size control are essential for subsequent downstream beneficiation and leaching performance. In this study, particle size distribution, grindability characteristics, and comminution energy requirements of Yalo Sphalerite ore, Alkaleri L.G.A, Bauchi State, were investigated using sieve analysis, particle size characterization, and Bond’s work index approach. The ore sample was subjected to crushing, grinding, homogenization, and particle size classification to establish suitable processing conditions. Dry sieve analysis based on the √2 sieve series was employed to evaluate particle size distribution, while cumulative retained and cumulative passing curves were used to determine the optimum grinding size. Based on particle size distribution (PSD) results, 180 µm is selected for grinding as an efficient liberation size. Following grinding, a homogenized sample was submitted for particle size characterization, and the result revealed that approximately 90% of the particles were finer than 180 µm. Using the modified Bond work index method, the particle size parameters were calculated, and the result showed that the feed and product 80% passing sizes (F80 and P80) for the test ore were 664.3 µm and 175.4 µm, respectively, while the reference quartz ore exhibited Fr80 and Pr80 values of 341.5 µm and 88.4 µm, respectively. The grindability analysis of the sphalerite ore was employed by using quartz as a reference material having a known work index of approximately 13 kWh/t for comparison. The result revealed that the Bond work index of the test ore was 18.52 kWh/t, while the estimated specific grinding energy requirement was 7.14 kWh/t.
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